Mara reih liata pazao awpa nata pazao lei awpa – HC. Malsawmthanga

Puhpa HC. Malsawmthanga ta Mara châpaw pha kawpa, kô 2018 MSA Conference, Sabyh liata Paper Present ropa he vaw reih la, achu hapa manôh reitiah leizy hawhta a vaw thôhkhei cheingei hra mah y.

Hmo to heta uasa a hlao daihti y ta, pasô hlao ta kho â chhih lichih a y. Cha hawhpa daihti cha daihti khochhihpa châ ta, patu thai â ngiah ngaita. Mara reih nata Reihchâ ta uasa a hlao daihti khochhihpa hmâh hai pi ta, thyutliazy ta eima buakhei kaw. He daihti khochhihpa ‘Golden Age’ he eima patu thai â ngiah hmeiseih.

Khizaw hmahsiena raohpa ta keih chakâ pi ta, Social Media chata eima kô a tlô pha khai haw. Blog, Website, Group etc nano nanopa hluhpi hnei pi ta, chazy liata Mara reih he thata eima buakhei, a ly â chhih hmeiseih. Eima buakheina nata pasôna a rei mâh lei vâ nata Achuna liata Mara reih eimâ chu hluh lei vâ a châ thlyu aw, Mara reih rona liata eima pado leipa a hluh kaw. A pachaipa ta, bie pazao awpa nata pachhaih awpa kyh he eima rairukhei kaw chyupa ta â lâ.

Rei awpa hluh kaw hra sala, a chyu thei chaina hawhta eima reih aw. Pazao awpa nata pazao lei awpa chôchâh liata eima pahno/achu tua awpa ta peimawhpazy:

1). Parts of Speech eimâ chupasia tua â ngiah.

2). Chipho hropa reih he pazao nahta pazao lei â thlâzi viapa vâta, Mara reih eima ro nota reih hropa nahta pakhopangâh tyhpa châ sala (A chhâpa cha reih hropa nata Mara reih he Grammar siezie cha a tlâhpipa ta â lyu kaw sai thlâh ha).

3). Mohchho/bietlohpa ta rei â chhuahpa kha palôhrupa ta pakhâta ta patuapalua tyh awpa.

Mara reih pazao awpa nata pazao lei awpa liata eima pahlaopahli viapa achyhta reih tua ei sih la.

1. Biesâ/mohchho pitlohpa maih cha pachhaih rai rai lei awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
Noun – Châbu (Châ bu a do vei), Ngâchhihna (Ngâ chhihna – a do vei), Chavyh (Cha vyh – a do vei).

2. Pronoun Moh vyuhpa rai rai he khâpa biesâ nah hmahta pazao pathaih vei. He he eima pazao hapa a hluh kaw.

Pamosana ta:
1). Khoh va na (vana – a do vei).
2). Pie chi ta (chita – a do vei).
3). Khoh kaw na ta (nata – a do vei).
4). Sie pi ta (pita – a do vei).
5). Sie ei ta (eita – a do vei).

He a chô liata Sentence-zy lia heta, na, chi, pi, ei zy he Pronoun châ ta, biesâ hropa nahta pazao rai rai lei awpa a châ.

Pronoun nano nanopa Ei, Kei, Keima, Eina, na, eima, keimo, miah, maniah, pi, nâmo, nâma, chi, eichi, ama, âmo, ano etc zy he khâpa biesâ/mohchho nahta hmahta roh pazao rai lei awpa a châ. Eima vaw pazao ha tyh. Chyhsa moh vyuhpa ta aduahpa ama châ. Eikhoh kaw, Keita ei tao, Keimala, Amatao etc. Hezy he a do vei. He hawhta ro awpa a châ:

1). Keima la
2). Ama tao
3). Ei khoh kaw
4). Kei ta ei tao etc

3. Reflexive Pronoun (keimosasyh atahna tlyma chyhsa ta anosasyh â tahna bie he a châ) he eima pachhaih awpa châ hra vei. Eima pachhaih thlâh ha tyh.

Pamosana:
Keisasyh, keimasasyh, anosasyh, nâmasasyh, âmosasyh, nâmosasyh. Hezy he thokha ta cha Kei sasyh, keima sasyh etc tahpa ta pachhaih thlâhpa eima y, pazao lymâ awpa a châ.

4. Interrogative Pronoun (hiahrina bie) he eima pahlaopahli kaw heih hra. Ahy, ahyzy, khâpa, khâpazy, kheihawhpa, kheihawhpazy etc zy he pachhaih rai lei awpa ama châ hra.
5. Verb pananotuhpa eima hneipa tuhpa baipa ta mohchho eima ropa rai rai he pachhaih tlâ lei awpa a châ, eima pachhaih ha tyh. Pachutuhpa, raihriatuhpa, mohôhtuhpa, taotuhpa, khohtuhpa, kheituhpa, zakheituhpa, kyhpachâtuhpa, sietuhpa, nietuhpa, tluatuhpa etc Pazao lymâ awpa a châ.
6. Causative Verb (verb hnôh lâta tlyma hmia lâ tlyma yzie hnei kawpa ta bie baipa) he eima pahlaopahli via heihpa ta ei pahno.

Pamosana:

1. Pakei, parao, pado, padua, pazia, patyuh, pakhaih, pado, pahria, pachie etc
2. Puasai, siesai, niesai, disai, pasiesai etc
3. Padosa, padisa, paniesa, parosa, paphisa etc
4. Taokhei, hriakhei, phiekhei, sakhei, râkhei, duakhei etc
5. Chakaolâhpa, hrialâhpa, chulâhpa, pilâhpa etc

He a chô liata Causative Verb zy he biesâ nahta pazao lymâ awpa châ ta, pachhaih lei awpa a châ.

7. Pa nata na he a tlâhpipa ta bie hropa nahta pazao tyhpa a châ.

Pamosana:
Taotuhpa, Sopa, Thaipa, Khaihpa, Hriapasana, Daohtheina, Hiatliana, Khaihna, Hrona etc. Bie hropa Pronoun nata Adverb châta tah leipa ta cha pazao khai awpa a châ.

He hawhpa lia deikua pazao lei awpa a châ:

1. Sie na ta (pronoun)
2. Meithei a pa (adverb)
3. Conjunction he eima roh chhei kaw tyh hra. Mohchho nata mohchho likawh tlyma, bietlohpa likawh bie pazaona he a châ tahpa my leipa ei sih la. Hezy he eima hmâh via chai:

Nata, zy, chatawhcha, chatawhla, chavâta, chataleipata, chataleipatacha, anodeikua, anodeikuacha, chatanachata, khiahtala, tlyma, hlâta, vâta, châhrasala etc

Bie pazaona (conjunction) châta eima hmâ leipa a châ khiah deikua pachhaih angiahpa ama y heih.

Pamosana:
1) Cha tawh cha phei ta sie ei ta (cha su tawhta cha)
2) Chata leipa la tao via nawpa pahno ma pi.
3) Chata leipa ta cha kheihta e eima tao khao hlei aw?
4) Alô he châ hra sala.
5) Hao chyhsa hao molaipa châ hra sala ei pangiasa.
6) Molaipa châ hra sala a palai vei.
7) Ano deikua la atanoh vaw sie thei vei.
8.) Ano he lai ta, ano deikua cha a tataw kaw.

9. Zy he pazaona nata pazao lei daihti a y. Conjunction châta hmâ nota cha pazao rai lei awpa châ ta Vao zy, Awh zy, Seih zy etc. Noun liata Plural taona lia deikua pazao tyh awpa a châ: Nôzy, Hawtizy, Châbuzy, Seihzy etc.
10. A he moh vyuhpa (Pronoun) tlyma Promotional Particle châta bie hmiasahpa châta eima hmâh kaw. A no-eih ta ro awpa, pazao lei awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
A châ, a cha, a pha, a sia, a kawh, a chhie, a saih, â ki, â do, â sia, â uah etc.

Pronoun – Â vy, â tyuh, a sie, a soh etc

Bie hmia liata baipa (prefix) châta hmâna he a peimawh kaw. Personal Pronoun, Singular Number a châ vei khiahtacha a cha Prefix châta eima hmâh lymâ. Eima ngia awpa peimawh kawpa cha, Verb hnoh lâta Pronoun eima hmâ daihti liata cha Verb nata Prefix ‘a’ he pazao ha awpa châ ta, pamosana:

1) atyuh ei ta
2) aduah ei ta
3) adyuh ei ta
4) adyh thei veih ei
5) aryh ha ei ta
6) avy ei ta

Verb hmia liata Pronoun eima hmâ ha daihti lia deikua ‘a’ nata Verb he pachhaih ha awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
1) a sie
2) â di haw
3) a khoh kaw
4) â vy

Noun liata Prefix a rai rai cha pazao lymâ awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
Atyuna, aduana, adyhna, apalaina, ahryuna, achhuahdyna, apheina etc

11. Chhih tahpa he Noun nata Verb châta hmâpa liata cha pazao beih leipa pi ta, Verb liata baipa ta Adjective lâta eima palie daihti lia deikua pazao a byuh tyh.

Pamosana:
Khochhih, zachhih, pahneichhichhih, mohnaochhih, chichhih, uahvachhih etc

12. Heih he hmo alyupa miakha châta hmâna liata pachhaih rai lei awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
Chiheih, phoheihpa, chyhsaheih etc

13. Khei he baotuhpa châta eima hmâ khiahta la Verb hnôh lâta pazao lymâ awpa a châ, eima pachhaih thlâh ha tyh.

Pamosana:
Taokhei, hriakhei, pahnokhei, alykhei, reikhei, chakhei etc

14. Khoh chhao he hmo eima taokhohpa reina liata cha pazao cheingei awpa.

Pamosana:
Hriakhoh, siekhoh, palaokhoh, tyuhkhoh, duakhoh etc.

He lia heta bie eima rei khohpa pakhâta ta eima pachâ pasia vei khiahtacha pahlaopahli a naosia kaw tyh.

Pamosana ta:
1) Chhuasa nata Thatlô rai ama hria khoh (want/wish)
2) Chhuasa nata Thatlô rai ama hriakhoh (together)
.

15. Nô tahpa he Common Noun châta eima hmâ daihti liata cha nô tahpa he pazao ha tyh awpa a châ. Pazao leipa eima hluh kaw tyh, pazao awpa a châ: Hrohsonô, Khazohnô, Seihpinô, hawtinô, abeinô etc
16. Pi tahpa he bie pa-ipacha viana tlyma, hmo laipa nata mochhyu viapa reina liata cha Noun liata bai tyh pi ta, pazao ha awpa a châ nota eima pachhaih thlâh ha tyh.

Pamosana:
1) Abeipi châ hra sala
2) Thatlôpi tlai â taosaoh kaw..
3) Machâpi tlai
4) Pavawpi a vaw ka bao
5) Hneirôhpapi a riakhieh kaw..
6) Vâropi eimâ tyuh.
7) Areipi eima y
8.) Athapi ta eina awsao…

17. ‘Sa’ he Verb hnôh lâta bai pi ta, taozie palâsana châta eima hmâ khiahtacha pazao lymâ awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
Pataosa, paduasa, pahnosa, patyusa, parosa etc

18. ‘Ta’ he daihti rei leipa, hmo chyhpa tlyma achadona lâchhâh reina liata bie hmia lâ liata (Noun, Verb, Adverb, Adjective etc) eima so nota cha pazao ha tyh awpa a châ.

Pamosana:
1). Ei khopata tlai ei hmô haw (verb).
2). Buakhata, atlâhpata ta, daihti chyuta, dusawta ta, tiepata ta a sâlâ kaw, azyhta ta pachhô mah y etc

19. Zie chhao he eima bua kaw tyh. Pazao leina daihti cha a y:

1). A zie a pha kaw.
2). Na khopa zie reih the.
3). Châbu liata zie teh etc

Bie hropa nata pazaopa ta Noun, Adjective taona châta eima hmâh kaw. He liata cha pazao awpa a châ:

Chyhzie, phazie, ngiazie, sôhzie, laizie, thuzie, sâhzie etc

Rei via awpa a hluh kaw aw. A zydua ta nata chakhiehcharieh kawpa rei khai hmâpa châ aw vei.

Reih he cha achu hluh ta, ngia hluh ta, pahno hluh ta, patuapalua hluh â ngiah. Mongyuh reih he a ru kaw lah y. Pamosana ta: B-i-r-d (spelling) tah pi ta ‘Bird’ eima tah hlâh bao. W-r-o-n-g tah pi ta ‘Wrong’ eima tah syulyu hlâh chu. B-U-T tah pi ta ‘But’ eima tah thlâh ha heih. Rei awpa a hluh kaw. Tlâ ngia pi ta, eima pahno. He hawh heta Mara reih chhao siezie hnei ta, achu ta, ngia ta, pahno a byuh aw. Eimâ pachupa he cha eima pahlaopahli viapa, eima roh chhei alâluah viapa dei palâsana a châ.

Grammar he English/Mizo Grammar siezie nahta a chyhta dei â nano laih. Chavâta, Mara reih eima roh nota Mizo/English nahta pakhopangâh tyh ei sih la eima taochhei chyh kaw aw. A chhâpa cha hezy reih liata cha pazao awpa nata pazao lei awpa he â hno kaw, eima thai via vâ chhao a châ ngyu aw. Mizo reih nahta ei pakhopangâh via chai tyh.

A chhâ chaina liata cha, Mara reih Grammar eima hneipazy reih hluh ei suh u. Padma Shree A. Zakia (L) ropa he Board of Mara Literature ta â pyhpa a châ. Châbu ta eima hnei thei leipa chhaota Soft/PDF Format zy ta hnei theina dâh pachâ chyu ei sih la, achu hluh ei suh u.

Ei châ ly kaw ei.

(He he 2018 MSA Conference, Sabyh liata Paper Present ei ropa a châ. MSA nôpawpazy khokheina nata deichhyna vâta alynabie ei reih chanei).